Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

Each phase of matter has its own chemical and physical properties. Here's a quick intro to the physical and chemical properties of matter.

Types of renewable resources

Renewable resources are considered natural resources that replenish faster then humans consume them.  This means that almost every resource that humans use in the world is considered a renewable resource.  It's just that we have to come up with ways that allow those resources to replenish back into the earth naturally faster then we consume them.  That is almost impossible with resources like coal, oil, and other resources that takes hundreds if not thousands of years to replenish.

Water is a good example of a renewable resource, for the fact that for whatever water we use it gets cycled back into nature through evaporation, rain, and many other ways.  The only time it becomes nonrenewable is when it is taken from somewhere faster then nature can replace it, and something happens to either the source of the renewing, or the place the water was taken from and water is no longer there.  Another type of energy that water helps produce is through dams and other aqueducts.  These harness the power of the water passing through them and converts it to energy, as long as we don't use up the water faster then it can be replaced that is another endless supply of energy.

Another good example of a renewable resource would be solar power.  The sun gives us enough power to light up the country, it's always there, and always will be there tomorrow.  Why not use it since it is giving us all this energy everyday.  The sun produces the biggest deposit of renewable resources in the world, it would be a great opportunity to be able to harness that power and hopefully over time not rely on the earth for energy at all.  Another form of renewable energy that the sun brings us is wind energy.  Recently wind has become a very popular way to create energy to light homes, towns, cities, and hopefully in the future whole states can be powered by wind energy.

Many things are becoming renewable resources that weren't before, this is because people have become aware of the damaging effects of taking things from the earth faster then it can be replaced.  A good example of this is trees, many things are used from trees, and before people were aware of the consequences they were being cut down and not replaced.  But since then when a field is cleared there are saplings that are planted in the trees place.

Another part of the renewing process is recycling, since paper and other wood materials are being recycled it is driving down the need to cut trees down.  This is helping the environment to replenish the trees that have been lost in the past.  The problem with renewable resources was that they were expensive to make, which made the price for them to go up to levels that did not make it sensible for people to buy.  But since the demand for these resources have risen it has made the price for renewable resources to drop.  These prices will continue to drop as long as the demand gets higher. 

With the growing popularity of becoming green, renewable resources have became top priority for a lot of people.  There are many different types of renewable resources.  Like I said earlier water can be a great source of renewable resource, so can cardboard, wood, paper, some oils, farming bi-products, scrap metal is another renewable resource thanks to the support of recycling.

With the growing important of finding reliable renewable resources there have been great advancements in using bio materials, these materials can be used to power many different things that normally would take nonrenewable resources in the past.  And with the development of better technologies these improvements will continue to get better.  It takes everyone to make it work though, so if you don't recycle please start.  If you can walk somewhere instead of driving, it will help the environment and your health by walking.

     These are all small things that when done in great amounts will add many decades of resources that we can use in the future. 

What Does Renewable Resource Mean?

A substance of economic value that can be replaced or replenished in the same amount or less time as it takes to draw the supply down. Some renewable resources have essentially an endless supply, such as solar energy, wind energy and geothermal pressure, while other resources are considered renewable even though some time or effort must go into their renewal, such as wood, oxygen, leather and fish. Most precious metals are considered renewable as well; even though they are not naturally replaced, they can be recycled because they are not destroyed during their extraction and use. 

Nanotechnology

Nano technology, shortened to   “Nano Tech” is the study of the control of matter on an    atomic   and molecular scale.  Generally  Nano technology  deals with  structure of  the size hundred nano meters  or smaller,  and involves  developing materials  or  devices  with in the system.

Where a nano meter is unit of length in the metric system equal to one billionth of meter.  Nano technology id\s extremely  diverse,  ranging from  naval extensions  of conventional devices  physics,  to completely new approaches  based upon  molecular  self  -  assembly.

Nano Technology is some times referred to as a general purpose technology.  That because in its advanced forms it will have significant impact on almost all industries and all of society,

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Core topic areas

Distillation and absorption

• Hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer in separation equipment
• Physical properties and thermodynamic models/methods
• Process design, operation and intensification
• Process equipment characterisation
• Process modelling, simulation and optimisation

Fluid flow

• All aspects of fluid flow in chemical and/or process vessels

Heat and mass transfer

• Mechanisms of heat and mass transfer
• Multicomponent mass transfer
• Simulation of heat and mass transfer processes
• Simultaneous heat and mass transfer

Materials processing and product development

• Fundamental properties of interest to processing of materials
• Injection moulding of materials
• In-line measurement and control of material processes
• Morphological development processes
• Pre-processing, shaping, multi-layering and finishing of final product form
• Product design based on chemical engineering tools
• Structure-function relationships in products and relevant systems
• Tailoring chemical products and materials for end-use applications

Oil and natural gas production

• Economics of upstream oil and gas development
• Facilities
• Oil and gas transport
• Well and reservoir oil, gas and water flow behaviour
• Well treatments and fracturing

Particle technology

• Crystallisation and precipitation
• Design of particulate systems and processes
• Formation and synthesis of particulates
• Kinetics of particulate processes
• Measurement and characterisation of particulate systems
• Processing, handling and storage of powders and dispersions
• Product formulation and rheology

Pharmaceutical engineering

• Design, modelling, operation and control of pharmaceutical (bio)reactors, unit operators and process systems used in the production of (bio)pharmaceuticals.
• Application of process analytical technology in pharmaceutical product and process design and characterisation.
• Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling
  Design, characterisation and modelling of drug delivery systems.

Process systems engineering

• Information modelling and analysis
• Process design and integration
• Process modelling, simulation and optimization
• Process operations and control
• Techno-economic analysis

Reaction engineering

• Catalysis engineering
• Process intensification
• Reaction kinetics
• Reactive flows
• Reactor development, modelling and scale-up

Separation processes

• Adsorption science and technology
• Green processes
• Intensification and integration of separation processes
• Molecular separation: membranes, chromatography
• Phase separation: clarification, flocculation, microfiltration
• Reactive separation processes: hybrid and novel separation techniques
• Separation by phase change

How To Safely Work at a Chemical Plant

The chemical process industry is a thriving one, what with the numerous products that you can get as an end consumer. It is small wonder if you are embarking on a career that involves working at a chemical plant. But just as the compensation and career growth opportunities are high, the safety risks are doubled or tripled as opposed to working more clerical jobs. Many a chemical tragedy has claimed lives needlessly, and often even affecting the very environment under which the chemical disaster took place. It is very important for you to learn how to safely work at a chemical plant to avoid getting a sizable income at the expense of your precious life. Here is how you can ensure safety in a chemical plant job:

1. Get in touch with the chemical safety key person or team. There is often a person or team in charge of the safety policies and procedures of a chemical plant. You need to get to know these people so that you can also give them a heads up of certain policies that are not properly implemented, for your safety as well as everybody in the chemical plant. 
2. Observe the classification and proper labeling of chemicals. Chemicals need to be labeled accordingly to prevent explosive tendencies between adverse chemical reactions. There are some chemicals that are fatal to place side by side in a shelf. Make sure that you are able to properly read the labels before making use of the chemicals in the plant, especially those which require large quantities.
3. Have the right safety gear. Your attire will make or break your risk for getting hurt by toxic chemicals. There are chemicals that are caustic and not too friendly to the skin. Make sure that you are able to wear the right safety gear at all time. Scrub suits, goggles and even the right footwear may really save you in the most dangerous situations.
4. Heed the chemical safety signs. These signs are often laminated to be durable even under the most severe chemical working conditions. The chemical safety signs often adhere to a global standard. Regardless of the language, the icons will speak of warnings and policies in certain areas.
5. Properly fill out the material safety data sheet. If you are an individual worker for chemicals, you material safety data sheet is your best ally. Do not be slack in filling out these fields so that you will have less risks of endangering yourself.
6. Be acquainted with emergency procedures and facilities. Certain procedures of emergencies and other unfavorable conditions are very vital. First aid kit locations, fire extinguishers and many other tools are something you need to know as well as the back of your hand.
7. Familiarize yourself completely with the process flow of your chemical plant. The process flow will not just help you see the significance of your work, but you will also be able to quickly detect how to get out and stay safe when things get wrong or malfunction in one system.

Modern Chemical Engineering

Modern Chemical Engineering

Most universities that offer Chemical Engineering as a degree train students regarding the field in its widest sense. The reason for that is most chemical engineering jobs require a wide knowledge in the application of the study.

A lot of chemical engineering jobs today require production of high performance materials for automotive, aerospace, electronic, biomedical, space, environmental, and military applications. These include products like:

• Ultra strong fabrics and fibers
• Composites and adhesives for vehicles
• Bio-compatible materials for prosthetics and implants
• Gels used in medical applications